Loom for weaving pile fabric.



PATBNTBD'PEB. 27, 1906.

A. HEALD,

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILB FABRIC.

APP IOATION FILED JUNE 23 1904 W ffmld.

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UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED HEALD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRIC. I

Patented Feb. 27, 1906.

A plicatio fil d June 23, 1904. Serial No. 213,863.

To all whom it may concern.-

. Be it known that I, ALFRED HEALD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Looms for Weaving Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of certain improvements in the loom for weaving cut pile fabrics forming the-subj ect of my previous application, Serial No. 138,581, filed January 10, 1903, the object of -my present improvements being to render the loom more accurate in its operation than before.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, partly in longitudinal section and partly in elevation, illustrating those elements of a loom to which my'invention re lates. Fig. 2 is a plan View of part of the same. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line a a, Fig. 1. Fig. 4'is a perspective view of one of the pile-loopforming fingers; and Fig. 5 is a front view, on a reduced scale, of part of a supplemental reed constituting one of the elements of the loom.

In'Fig. l of the drawings, 1 represents a bar intended to be rigidly mounted above the breast-beam of the loom, and 2 is a pile-loopforming finger projecting inwardly therefrom, there being one of these pile-loop-forming fingers for each pile-forming warp-thread or set of threads employed, each finger having formed upon it one row ofpile-loops. Hence it will be understood that if a singlecolor fabric is to-be produced, or one in Which the pattern is dependent upon the use of particolored warp-threads, there needbe but one of such threads for each finger, as shown in the drawings, while if the pattern is to'be formed by the use of differently-colored pile warp-threads then there will be for each finger 2 as many pile warp-threads in a set as there are to be colors in the pattern in the row of pile-loops formed on said finger, the threads not employed in forming the loops being buried in the back web of the fabric. Each finger 2 is bent at the rear end into hook form, so as to embrace the rear portion of the bar 1, the inner edges of the hooked portion of the finger being notched or serrated, as shown at 3, so as to insure a firm hold of the finger upon the bar and prevent displacement of said finger in respect to the Each finger 2 has in advance of the bar is suflicient to 1 a recess in its upper face, which recess receives the upper and transversely traveling run of a knife 6, the latter constituting an endless belt which passes round grooved sheaves or pulleys 7 at the opposite sides of the loom, so that by imparting rotating movement in the same direction to either or both of these sheaves the proper movement will be imparted to the knife 6. Each finger also has on its upper edge some distance behind the knife-receiving recess a shoulder 8 for the same purpose as in the loom forming the subject of my previous 'applicationthat is to say, for engaging a pile-forming warp-thread lapped over the finger and preventing it from slipping forward on the finger to the same extent as it otherwise would.

Each pile-warp 9 is controlled by a harnesscord 10, and other harness-cords or heddles 11 and 12 control the binding-warps 13 and 14, which alternate with the fingers 2 and are interwoven with weft threads 15 to form a backing fabric into which each pile warpthread 9 is tied by engagement with an upper iveft-thread 15 after the formation of each oop.

The lay 16 of the loom has a reed 17 of ordinary construction, and the fingers 2 have raised rear ends which project through the spaces of the reed when the lay is in its fullyretracted position, as shown in Fig. 1. Hence there is no possibility of either finger becoming laterally displaced so as to injure or interfere with the proper operation of the reed. The elevation of the rear. ends of the fingers 2 permit of the free passage of theshuttle beneath the same When the lay is fully retracted, and the lift of the harness or heddles 11 and 12 is preferably such that the warp-threads 13 or 14 are never raised above the tops of the elevated portions of the fingers 2, and hence cannot be displaced laterally from their proper position between said fingers.

The lateral shogging of the elevated pile warp-threads, so as to cause them to operate first on one side of a finger and then on the opposite side of the same, is effected by means of a suppementary reed 18, located in the rear of the reed 17 and intended to be so mounted as to be susceptible of a limited amount of lateral movement, such move ment, first in one direction and then in the opposite direction, being imparted to the reed when the pile warp-threads 9 are elevated. Any desired mechanism for accomplishing this movement may be used, but it has not been considered. necessary to illustrate such mechanism, as the same may be varied in many different ways and forms no essential part of my invention. The reed 18 is peculiarly constructed, as shown in Fig. 5, on reference to which it will be observed that each bar 19 of the reed is composed of two strips which are joined at the bottom of the reed,but are spread apart at the top of the reed, so that the spaces between the bars of the reed are contracted at the top and eX- panded at the bottom. By this means the bars of the reed may be relatively close to the pile warp-threads 9 when the latter are elevated, whereby said threads w1ll partake of the full extent of the lateral movement of the reed and the shifting of the threads from one side to the other of the fingers 2 will be insured. As the threads descend, however, on one side or the other of the fingers the spaces between the bars of the reed 18 for the reception of the threads gradually increase in width, and thethreads are not caused to contact with the bars of the reed with such force as to cause undue wear of said threads.

Secured to or forming part of each finger 2 at a point in the rear of the knife-receivmg recess in the upper edge of the same is a tongue 20, which projects forwardly over said recess and over the cutting edge of the knife contained therein, whereby as the loops of pile-warp slide backwardly along each finger the tops of said loops are engaged by these tongues and lifted above the top of the knife, so that there is no possibility of any of the loops passing the knife without being cut, as there might beif the cutting edge of the knife was not confined vertically to its proper position in the recessed upper edge of the finger, for in that case there might be such vertical displacement of the cutting edge of the knife that a loop or loops might ass beneath the same without being severed. The passage of each loop over the finger 20, moreover, imparts such tension to the loop that a clean cut is insured and the production of ragged or fuzzy ends upon the out loo s is prevented.

lfaving thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination in a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, of a lay, pile-loop-forming fingers located in advance of the same and having elevated inner ends, mechanism for forming loops of pile warp-thread on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, and a reed having its bars so disposed that the spaces between them at points adjacent to the elevated inner ends of the fingers, will be narrower than at other points, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, in a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, of the lay and its reed, pileloop-forming fingers located in advance of the lay, and a laterally-movable supplementary reed located in the rear of the main reed and serving to shog the pile warp-threads so as to cause them to operate first on one side of their respective fingers and then on the other side of the same, said supplementary reed having its bars so disposed that the spaces between them are narrower at the top than at the bottom, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, in a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, of the lay and its reed, pileloop-forming fingers located in advance of the lay, and a laterally-movable supplementary reed located in the rear of the main reed and serving to shog the pile warp-threads so as to cause them to operate first on one side of their respective fingers and then on the other side of the same, said supplementary reed having double bars whose members are disposed closely side by side at the bottom of the reed, but are separated at the top of the reed so as to contract, at that point, the spaces between the bars, substantially as specified.

4. The combination, in a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, of pile-loop-forming fingers, mechanism for forming loops of pile warpthreads over said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, a knife movable transversely across the tops of the fingers so as to sever the pile-loops as they are fed backwardly along the fingers, and means for imparting tension to said pile-loops at the time that the knife is acting upon the same, substantially as specified.

5. The combination, in a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, of pile-loop-forming fingers, mechanism for forming loops of'pile warpthreads on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, a knife movable transversely across the tops of the fin ers for severing the pile-loops as they are fe backwardly along the fingers, and means for preventing rise of the cutting edge of said knife,

substantially as specified.

6. The combination, in a loom for weaving cut pile fabrics, of pile-loop-forming fingers, mechanism for forming loops of pile warpthreads on said fingers and interweaving other threads therewith, a knife movable transversely across the tops of the fingers so as to sever the pile-loops as they are fed backwardly along the fingers, and means for preventing rise of the cutting edge of the knife and at the same time imparting tension to the pile-loops, substantially as specified.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloop-forming finger for looms, having on its upper edge a tongue for vertically confining the cutting edge of a knife moving transversely across the top of the finger, substantially as specified.

8. As a new article of manufacture, a pileloop-forming finger for looms, having at its upper edge a recess for the reception of a transversely-moving knife, and a tongue eX- tending over said recess so as to vertically two subscribing Witnesses.

ALFRED HEALD.

5 confine the cutting edge of the knife, suhstan- Witnesses tially as specified. MURRAY 0. Bowen,

In testimony whereof I have signed my I Jos. H. KLEIN.

name to this specification in the presence of 

